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The lack of interest among adolescents in school science courses is a complex issue, but two factorsstandardsobjectsitems factors standards are particularly critical. Contemporary students live in a culture that increasingly emphasizes self-reflection and autonomy, and the range of subjects they are attachedconfrontedincludedcompromised confronted with is far broader than in the past. Adolescence is a key period for the formation of identity, and ample evidence shows that the way subject choices contribute to one's sense of self—particularly in how they reflect personal valuesresumemoralestatus values - is crucial for young people. Specifically, science curricula need to more clearly demonstrate the career pathways that science can offer—both within scientific fields and in science-related professions - and articulate whathoweverwherewhy why these careers are valuable, meaningful, and rewarding.