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Changes in water temperature can affect the environments where fish, shellfish, and other marine species live. Certain fish species naturally in response to seasonal temperature changes, moving northward or to deeper, cooler waters in the summer and migrating back during the winter. As climate change causes the oceans to become warmer year-round, however, populations of some species may by shifting away from areas that have become too warm and toward areas that were previously cooler. Marine species represent a particularly good of warming oceans because they are sensitive to climate and because they have been studied and tracked for many years. Fish are especially , and they may shift their location more easily than species on land because they face fewer physical barriers. Populations of many marine species have been measured for several decades across various types of ocean habitats. Tracking data from many species is useful because if a change in behavior or distribution occurs across a large range of species, it is more likely the result of a more systematic or common cause.